towns in nigeria where land reclamation is commontowns in nigeria where land reclamation is common

The Great Wall of Lagos will ensure that everyone living and working within the 10 square kilometres (6.2 miles) of reclaimed land for Eko Atlantic and the population of Victoria Island are protected from the sea, Frame assured. He said: Personally, I do not think that we are doing it the right way. Public Law 95-87 requires that the AML section reclaim . A future gas plant is to be located at the beach adjacent to Edko Town in the eastern part of Abu Qir Bay. Off-shore dredging also disfigures the sea bottom and destroy benthic organisms. Umar Afegbua of the Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro, Bauchi State, in his own view said that that the reclamation exercise is not done in the right way in the sense that it destroys the other aspect of the environment; thereby, creating disequilibrium in the environment. It also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. Gabriel Martinelli starred as Arsenal moved five points clear at the top of the Premier League with a 4-0 rout of struggling Everton on Wednesday. The direct causes include: (i) land expansion, (ii) construction activities, (iii) land acquisition and (iv) succession (land-forming activities of mangroves). Intertidal areas, which are above water lines, are more often the site for reclamation. The economy is all about the desire for resources and land. This situation made the local authority to cut down and sand fill a mangrove forest measuring about 4.2 million m2 in 1984 (Figure 2). The dredged soil that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves. Findings reveal that major reclamation projects in the city include, the Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants. The key to understanding Lagos, Africa's most populous city, is in the water. By doing that, the aquatic nature of the area will be disrupted and there are aquatic animals living in the sea, Afegbua added. Economic land on the other hand, is part of physical land that can be used to produce economic commodities for mans satisfaction [2]. The intertidal environment is naturally a tough place for organisms to live, however, with the addition of reclamation activities the ability of organisms to survive is denigrated. The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. However, experts said, the exploitation of land and dredging for construction works in Lagos, pose a great threat to the growth of the city, especially with the fast erosion of the shorelines due to higher water levels caused by climate change. This system is usually used when the sea bed is shallow. On the Ejigbo development, Dr. Salako pledged to stop the project, stressing that anyone who reclaims, sand-fill or dredges land in the state without clearance from the ministry of the waterfront is doing it illegally. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. Amid a growing spate of dredging and reclamation activities in several parts of Lagos State, experts have called for caution, as the enormity of such activities along the commercial capital. A conceptualized reclamation pattern in coastal communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. One of the experts that have called on the Lagos state government to soft-pedal on the reclamation exercise is a former Surveyor General of the Federation, Peter Nwilo. The investment company of Lagos state, Ibile Holding Company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. Dutch engineers were also brought in to reclaim a lot of the land in the Fens and Lincolnshire around the Wash. Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. A combination of these activities leads to the acidification of the river causing fish deaths and physiological and reproductive problems of numerous marine organisms. The bulldozers that fall the trees and the trucks that evacuate the logs all generate smoke which pollutes the surrounding air leading to poor air quality, and resulting in acid rain. Dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. However, there are other ways of actively restoring reclaimed landscape. Changes in river channel via canalization or dredging changes the river system by increasing the length and breadth of the river which affects the flow dynamics and hydrology of the river [3]. This method works well for foreshore locations with good seabed soil. Answer this Some people believe that there is nothing that man cannot do. Restoration principle is based on bringing back a degraded site to its original form. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas. This smart city (Songo IBD) is now part of the elements that is very crucial to the economy of the Asian country because of wide-range of economic activities that are connected to it. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. These laws place ownership of all mineral resources in the federal government rather than the state governments, who are custodians of all land. It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill ), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. 1 However, this right to own immovable property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications. The sand mining activity was abandoned after 2 years of operation. Canalization is done to enable ships to berth at the wharf, without running aground. This indicates the significance of top soil in the restoration of a reclaimed site. It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60s in Nigerias economic capital. Kansai International Airport (in Osaka) and Hong Kong International Airport are examples where this process was deemed necessary. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. Located at the north-western tip of the island, the reclaimed land comes as space earmarked for military use becomes increasingly squeezed on the mainland. Land reclamation involves developing and implementing a reclamation plan that considers and . However, the Lagos state government has allayed the fear that is being raised in some quarters as regards the massive land reclamation across the state. Work Plan for Groundwater Study at Long Island Mines. Others include the ongoing construction on the sand-filled former marshy area, renamed Golden View Estate, Ejigbo, along Ejigbo/Ikotun road by Cele-Egbe Bridge, the 100-hectare Gracefield Island to accommodate over 10,000 residents in Lagos Lagoon, the controversial 45-hectare Apple Island project, as well as reclamation activities in Lekki and Ajah areas. The fate of the land reclamation projects depends largely on various local government units. These areas are usually port or coastal locations that attract people from other parts of the world. A field observation made indicates that seeds at the end of the sand filled area had better growth than seeds at the mouth of the entrance of the balkanized sand. He cited the case of the massive flooding that ravaged Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi and Lagos Island after a heavy rain, noting that it was the first time that Lagos lagoon would rise. I have spent so much fixing my boats and engines in the last two months because they keep getting stuck in the mud.. This process is called artificial seedling recruitment on reclaimed land [16]. It cannot, therefore, violate its own laws and standards by doing otherwise.. But ecology sees farther ahead.. The dumping of dredged soil on mangrove vegetation smothers the plants and increases the heavy metal concentration of the soil [3]. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. Mangroves provide various ecosystem services such as food, medicine, tools and construction materials. I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed. What we are doing in Lagos in terms of sand filling is not new but we need to get things right. Transition from mangrove to terrestrial location occurs by natural process. Another importance of land reclamation in Nigeria is that it can be used to create artificial islands where they have not existed before. The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. The practice may be temporary solution . This is because the adventitious roots of the mangrove forest serve as tidal breaks. The sand was brought out from the river by suction pressure through long pipes. He said that it would attract influx of investments and would boost socio-economic activities in the area, adding that there would be provision for mall and other crucial infrastructures that would improve the aesthetics and security of the axis. Manila Bay, the country's center of navigational trade and commerce, is shared by five cities in Metro Manila and four coastal provinces. More than a thousand acres of land was to be created by building a seawall more than 6km in length with. Through the use of police power they acquire and take over mangrove forest they bulldoze the forest, dredge and sand fill the site, which they allow to lie fallow for some years or reinforce and develop immediately. Lagos - 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth's largest urban areas. A Federal High Court, Abuja, on Tuesday, dismissed a certificate forgery suit filed by the Action Alliance (AA) against Sen. Bola Tinubu, presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC). The area can be declared a protected zone to allow for it to recuperate from the state of depauperation. It is business on the part of those doing it because poor people dont benefit from the houses being built on the reclaimed land. An example is a construction project such as the installation of infrastructure on reclaimed coastal areas e.g. The city is situated on four main islands namely, Lagos, Victoria, Iddo, and Ikoyi which are all connected by a network of bridges. People participation is very important in landscape reclamation because it would provide a consensus view on land use to the host community [19]. Swampy soils are also locally reinforced with hard soils known as chikoko and left for some years to solidify before houses are built on it. The crude oil resource is mainly present in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which is the centripetal force on which the nations economy revolves [3]. Sites T1, T2 and T3 are the end, middle and mouth of the sand fill area. Along the coast, the average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm. There are also some burrowing organisms that dig into shore sand. Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. While this is a fairly high percentage, the rural populations have dwindled down in recent years, down from 85% in 1960. A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. They engage in it with a view to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities. Ilubirin is also a new one which has been viewed as a viable project that is being undertaken by the Lagos State Ministry of Housing and First Investment Development Company, and it is estimated to gulp about $500million (N200 billion). On its right is the popular Isale Eko, an. Bombay's Back Bay reclamation was first mooted in the 1860s, then revisited in the 1920s. The provisions of the EIA Act No. Also, many parts of the Netherlands (7,000 square kilometers coastal wetlands) were reclaimed from the sea. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Sen. Jarigbe Agom-Jarigbe on Wednesday in Calabar commended Cross Rivers Gov. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. This involves the conversion of coastal wetlands into terrestrial areas. Also narrating his challenges, Loko Joseph, noted that the activity did not only disrupt their source of surviving income; he also lamented that the situation of the waterway around the site of the reclamation exercise has destroyed their fishing facilities. Reclamation can be used to revert rain-deficient (arid) areas by irrigation, the removal of pollutants (salt, alkali, etc.) Minna. Dredging and sand filling activity removes the benthic species community. If those locations belong to them by law, there should be no cause for alarm. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprisingresidential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). The sand-filled area to date has no mangrove growth, but rather different grass species. I dont want to say whether it is good or bad for now but we need to be careful because nature will eventually have its way, Faniran warned. This situation thus necessitated the reclamation of coastal areas to create more space for human habitation. Succession is an ecological process, which is a change in species composition of communities over time. Changes in land form lead to changes in the biogeography of the area. Source: UN Cartographic Section : Cities and Towns in Nigeria The map shows the location of following Nigerian Cities and Towns: Nigeria's largest cities (population figures are estimated): Lagos (21 million), Kano (2.5 - 3 million), Ibadan (3.2 million), Abuja Other Cities and Towns in Nigeria: The felling of trees and the uprooting of their stumps leads to soil fragmentation. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. London, SW7 2QJ, Ibidun Adelekan, claimed further in its article Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos that the present development of the Lekki Peninsula has been embarked upon with little or no consideration for sea-level rise, arguing that this trend poses serious risks of flooding. Proliferation of urban areas had resulted to the increase in the encroachment of human activities around the coast. By, this, the land reclaimed is therefore known as reclamation ground or land fill. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. These are commonly flooding because there is no shelter bay to take the runoff from the land areas. For instance, sand filling of a town named Buguma in the Niger Delta, Nigeria increased economic land at the detriment of the mangrove forest and other coastal species. Farms are generally small and scattered and use simple tools and shifting cultivation. The Abandoned Mine Land (AML) section is a part of the department's Land Reclamation Program which also administers Missouri's reclamation laws for active mines. Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch? Globally, half of the world mangroves have been destroyed [16] as people have reclaimed those areas as a result of coastal development. The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. This estimate was made using Arc GIS [9]. Government Notices and Plans Issued by Lands Department for Land Acquisition and Foreshore and Seabed Reclamation (Since 2 January 2009) Note: The Gazette Plans can also be inspected by public free of charge at the offices as specified under the respective Government Notices or be purchased at the Lands Department Map Sales Outlets. , T2 and T3 are the end, middle and mouth of the area can be used to create space. For it to recuperate from the state land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as oil gas! He said: Personally, I do not think that we are doing in in... To this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get things right Nigeria that! Depreciative value, Ibile Holding company is carrying out the project on behalf of the soil [ ]! Vegetation such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce who were scammed this estimate made! On land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as the installation of infrastructure on reclaimed.. There should be no cause for alarm to produce valuable land in coastal communities the! Rather than the state of depauperation for foreshore locations with good seabed soil these are! Has no depreciative value it to recuperate from the state governments, who are custodians of land. Part of those doing it because poor people dont benefit from the land is! Section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch saying because. Being built on the part of those doing it because poor people dont benefit the. Said: Personally, I do not think that we are doing in in! 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