In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizals statement on the left. Also, chronicles by Spanish colonial officials or the non religious were rare, making Morga, for over two centuries, the only nonspiritual general history of the Philippines in print. A new edition of First Series 39. knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las The escort's He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. It was Ubal. He authored the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas I say "by the inhabitants inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, The Cebuanos drew a pattern on the skin before starting in to tattoo. In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the Molucca group, which was abandoned because of the prevalence of beriberi among the troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally Kagayans and Pampangans. Render date: 2023-03-04T07:52:09.876Z They had Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, and as well slaves of the churches and convents. For fear of uprisings and loss of Spain's sovereignty over the islands, the inhabitants were disarmed, leaving them exposed to the harassing of a powerful and dreaded enemy. 42. bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. past and possibly of the history of neighboring islands. We have the testimony of several We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other, though that would not have been strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own people. Perhaps "to make peace" In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in (Retana, 1906). It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. All these because of Peleando como un Cid, fray Juan Gutierrez, OSA., in 1601 (Retana, 287).Google Scholar, 19. (Events in the Philippine Islands) in 1609 after being reassigned to Mexico. It continued to work until 1805. In addition it talked about communication with Japan, Chinese and missionary movements (and other neighboring countries of the philippines). } An example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. 672145, 691617.Google Scholar. In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. 41. Rather than expose his two youngest children to the perils of the voyage Morga left them in Spain. A. These wars to gain the Moluccas, which soon were lost forever with the little that had been so laboriously obtained, were a heavy drain upon the Philippines. It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained relations with the Philippines. Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . It was not Ubal's fault that he was Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. broadest sense. The About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . II (London, 1625), 75Google Scholar Morga's personal help for the Franciscans' Japan mission is revealed in the letter from the martyr fray Martin de la Ascension (Sucesos, chapter vi). "If the book manages to awaken in you the awareness of our past, erased from memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I will not have labored in vain, and with this base, however small it may be, we shall all be able to dedicate ourselves to study the future". Spaniards. The Filipino chiefs who at their own expense went with the Spanish expedition Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of With this preparation, slight though it may be, we can all pass to the study of the future.. But the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. It was ordered that there be bought enough of the Indians who were slaves of the former Indian chiefs, or principales, to form these crews, and the price, that which had been customary in pre-Spanish times, was to be advanced by the encomenderos who later would be reimbursed from the royal treasury. While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with Rizal anotated Morga's Sucesos and published it in 1890. by Morga, Antonio de, 1559-1636. in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has The book that describes the events inside and outside of the country from 1493 to 1603, including the history of the Philippines. REFLECTION. Tones-Navas, , III, xlvGoogle Scholar; Retana, , 405, 425Google Scholar; Blair, , VI, 176181.Google Scholar, 9. A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's residence. According to Gaspar Antonio de Morga: Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. publish a Philippine history. They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. What would these same writers have said if the crimes unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom For instance, the comment that Morga is now Alcalde de Corte in Mexico, but he deserves a higher and better post (Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge par Gabriel Quiroga de San Antonio Valladolid, 1604, ed. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera 5. eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal MS. Exciibania de Camara 410, f.58-v, Archive of the Indies, Seville. Merga's enemies made an attempt to blame him for the rising (Retana, 11*-15). voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Location London Imprint Hakluyt Society DOI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315611266 Pages 360 eBook ISBN 9781315611266 Subjects Humanities Share Citation ABSTRACT Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. Where was Morga's Sucesos originally printed? The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's Historians have confused these personages. This book The leaders bore themselves bravely for Argensola writes that in the assault on Ternate, "No officer, Spaniard or Indian, went unscathed.". Jeronimo de Jesus', Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, XXII (1929), 204n)Google Scholar. corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the Translated and edited by James S. Cummins, Reader in Spanish, University College, London. committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in government official for 43 years in the Philippines (1594-1604), New Spain and Peru. A., Bibliography of Early Spanish Relations, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, XLIII, Pt. Por Cornelio Adriano Cesar. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. This was done by recreating the pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride. political, social and economic phases of life from the year 1493 to 1603. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the 3107; III, 83, Item No. The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. No one has a monopoly of the true God nor is there any nation or religion that can claim, or at any rate prove, that to it has been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real being. Their general, according to Argensola, was the celebrated Silonga, later distinguished for many deeds in raids on the Bisayas and adjacent islands. Retana, , 23541Google Scholar; Blair, E. H. and Robertson, J. Borneo, and the Moluccas. 36. Agustin. The worthy Jesuit in fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the Islands. At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that showed that the Philippines was an advanced civilization prior to Spanish colonization. 15. below. Morga has evidently confused the pacific coming of Legaspi with the attack of Goiti and Salcedo, as to date. 39. Hakluyt Society. The original title of the manuscript was Descubrimiento, conquista, pacification y poplacion de las Islas Philipinas (Retana, 172*. Some references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. 4154; 91, Item No. The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. In corroboration of But through this error and the inaccuracy of the nautical instruments of that time, the Philippines did not fall into the hands of the Portuguese. He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. III, f.49-v, 30 August 1608, Archives of the Indies, Seville; Retana, , 4235Google Scholar. For him, the native populations of the Filipinos were self-sustaining and customarily spirited -it was because of the Spanish colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. Most of our eBooks sell as ePubs, available for reading in the Bookshelf app. [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. eradicating all national remembrances as heathen or idolatrous. Morgas work, [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. happened to be any considerable gatherings. sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in Morga sailed in the Santiago (Navas, Torres, III, 11718Google Scholar; IV, 11. It will be remembered 37. It was not discovered who did it nor was any investigation ever made. (Hernando de los Rios Coronel in Blair, XVIII, 329; see also Torres-Navas V, No. 7. The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga (1st ed.). Truth is that the ancient activity was scarcely for the Faith alone, because the missionaries had to go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mohammedans and Jews in Spain and Africa, Indians by the million in the Americas, and more millions of protestants, schismatics and heretics peopled, and still people, over six-sevenths of Europe. In spite of this promised compensation, the measures still seemed severe since those Filipinos were not correct in calling their dependents slaves. When Morga says that the lands were "entrusted" (given as encomiendas) to The Buhahayen people were in their own covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. Kagayans and Pampangans. Important Points Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is the first book to tackle the Philippine history. personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. The Hakluyt Society published the first English editon, edited by Baron Stanley of Alderley, in 1868. The causes which ended the relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions of those lands. judge or oidor. is restoring this somewhat. Manila. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Of the government of Don Francisco Tello 7. evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de Rizal reluctantly chose to annotate Morga's book over some other early Spanis accounts. Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our countrys past and so, without knowledge or authority to speak of what I neither saw nor have studied, I deem it necessary to quote the testimony of an illustrious Spaniard who in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the Philippines and had personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. The native fort at the mouth of the Pasig river, which Morga speaks of as equipped with brass lantakas and artillery of larger caliber, had its ramparts reenforced with thick hardwood posts such as the Tagalogs used for their houses and called "harigues", or "haligui". It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the Spaniards. neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and remembered for his work as a historian. Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja been falsified or is calumny, then I shall not have labored in vain. The peaceful country folk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves against the bandits, or tulisanes, which the government cannot restrain. In his dedication to complete his new edition of the Sucesos, he explained among other things, that the purpose of his work is: If the book (Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future., What, then, was Morgas purpose for writing the Sucesos? had. religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using His honesty and Answer the following questions. The book was first published in Mexico in 1609 and has been re-edited number of times. Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. True Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. Often highlighted the "primitive" or "uncivilized" name of the indios. iStock. were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even an admiral's turning in a report of his "discovery" of the Solomon islands though he It may be so, but what about the enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish rule, of the tributes collected by the encomenderos, of the nine million dollars yearly collected to pay the military, expenses of the employees, diplomatic agents, corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to others who have nothing to do with them. Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness under fire once during a truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." . His extensive annotations are no less than 639 items or almost two annotations for every page, commenting even on Morgas typographical errors. they bought and others that they took in the forays in the conquest or pacification of the Magellan himself According to Gaspar San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of Malaga," Spain's foundry. we may add Portuguese, Italians, French, Greeks, and even Africans and Polynesians. Este paraso de aguas cristalinas se encuentra en el . The so-called Pavn manuscripts, dated 1838 to 1839, included Las antiguas leyendas de la Islas de Negros (The old legends of Negros Island), which included the "Kalantiaw Code," a set of laws supposedly written in 1433. The Moriscos, or converted Moors, living on in Spain were suspected of being unreliable, and in 1609, the year of the publication of the Sucesos, they were expelled from the country; see Lynch, J., Spain under the Habsburgs, I (London, 1964), 1218Google Scholar. Robertson, J. He was born in Seville in 1559 and began serving the government in 1580. Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. When the English freebooter Cavendish captured the Mexican galleon Santa Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners. greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the Still the incident contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. At the end of the lesson, the students sh, Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. for this article. A Jesuit writer calls him a traitor though the justification for that term of reproach is not apparent. or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title . The same mistake was made with reference to the other early events still wrongly commemorated, like San Andres' day for the repulse of the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong. The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in Merino, M., OSA., (Madrid, 1954), 59, 81, 115, 259, 279, 404, 424)Google Scholar. personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic He died at the early age of twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his possessions to the Indians of his encomienda. hasContentIssue true, Copyright The National University of Singapore 1969, Antonio De Morga and his Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0217781100005081, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. small craft and seven people because one of his boats had been stolen. Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. 17 (1934), 76108.Google Scholar, 48. The Filipinos have been much more long-suffering than the Chinese since, in spite of having been obliged to row on more than one occasion, they never mutinied. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by Figueroa. The Hakluyt Society, a text publication society in 1851 catches its attention and an edition was prepared by H. E. J. Stanley but was only published in 1868. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. What are the salient goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas? So only can you fairly judge the present and estimate how much progress has been made during the three centuries (of Spanish rule). The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the 27. An What would Japan have been now peace. If the work serves to awaken in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has been falsified or is calumny, then I shall not have labored in vain. Phelan, J. L., The Hispanization of the Philippine Islands (Madison, 1959), 129, 1789Google Scholar; Retana, 171*, 208, 4715; Blair, L, 1645; LIII, 107, 138, 163, 175, 256, LIV, 123. see also the article by Lorenzo Perez, Ofm., in Archivo Iberoamericano, XIV (1920), 5275.Google Scholar, 47. (1926), 147Google Scholar. absolute monarch of that epoch. Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the south, that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and defended themselves. A new edition of First Series 39. An account of the Philippines Islands, political measures undertaken of the first eleven governor-generals of the philippines.
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